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Programming Essentials in Python Section 1 ​

What is Python ​

  • Python is a popular, interpreted programming language.
  • Created by Guido van Rossum and released in 1991.
  • It is highly favored for rapid application development.
  • The language features a simple, easy-to-learn, readable syntax that reduces program maintenance costs.

Uses of Python ​

  1. Data analysis and machine learning.
  2. Web development.
  3. Automation or scripting.
  4. Software testing and prototyping.
  5. Everyday tasks.

What Can Python Do ​

Python can:

  • Build web applications on a server.
  • Connect to databases, read, and modify files.
  • Handle big data and perform complex mathematical operations.
  • Be used for rapid prototyping.

Python Features and Advantages ​

  • Easy to Code
    Python is a high-level language that is effortless to learn.

  • Easy to Read
    Python code is readable and looks like simple English words.

  • Free and Open-Source
    Python is developed under an OSI-approved open source license, making it completely free to use.

  • Portable
    Python is portable, allowing the same code to run on different machines.

  • Object-Oriented and Procedure-Oriented
    Python supports both object-oriented (focused on data and objects) and procedure-oriented (focused on reusable functions) programming paradigms.

  • Robust Standard Library
    Python offers a rich standard library, reducing the need for developers to write code from scratch for many functionalities.

  • Support for GUI
    Python provides support for GUIs (Graphical User Interfaces), enabling easy user interaction with applications.

  • Dynamically Typed
    Python is dynamically typed, meaning variable types are decided at runtime.
    Many programming languages need to declare the type of the variable before runtime like C++ and Java.
    Examples:

C++
int x = 20; // In C++ type declaration is mandatory
Python
x = 20  # No need to declare variable type in Python

Examples of Python ​

Python
print("Hello, World!") # Output: Hello, World!
x = 5
y = 9
z = x + y # 5 + 9 = 14
print(z) # Output: 14
print(type(z)) # Output: <class 'int'>
print(type(type(z))) # Output: <class 'type'>

output:

Python Uses Different IDEs ​

An Integrated Development Environment (IDE) is a software application that provides essential tools for software development, including:

  • A source code editor
  • Build automation tools
  • A debugger
  • A compiler or interpreter

It streamlines the development process by integrating these tools into a single interface for programmers.

Examples include:

How to install IDE (Thonny) ​